Makale Özeti: THE PRINCIPLES BEHIND CBC

CBC evolved from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) that is thinking about thinking. CBT is focusing on treating people with disorders. In CBC, there is a focusing specifically on thoughts and behaviors that client applies to challenge. The principle of CBC derives from Epictetus who was a Greek Stoic philosopher. He lived in the first century and stated that people are disturbed by not the things that happen but by the views of them to those things. He wants to say that our own opinions shape our feelings and reactions to events, so client learns to observe his own thoughts. CBC focuses on the future, on solving problems and it is speed and efficacies, so many people use it to challenge their limiting beliefs and behaviors.
CBC is a process of questioning based on Socratic dialogue and these questions help the client analyze her thoughts and opinions to accept herself as a fallible human being. Accepting fallibility is not to accept failure. You can show that they can continue to develop themselves by seeking excellence and not perfection. For example, your client in difficulties with her boss but feel unable to say no, you may ask her Socratic questions like that: “Where is it written that you must?”, “Is this belief logical?”, “Where is the evidence for your belief about this?”. By answering these questions, your client checks whether this approach is rational and helpful.
CBC has a psycho-educative aspect that you share knowledge and methods with your client, so he becomes his own coach. In order to reinforce his new thoughts and beliefs, you give your client practice and homeworks.
People behave differently according to their emotional mood but by this principle, you teach your client to watch and control herself and her behaviors in different situations. Words such as should, must and ought to denote personal rules that your client constructed herself, others and situations in general. You need to help your client to view behaviors objectively and learn to respect her and others even when they don't agree with her opinions.
Scientists show that how we think can affect many parts of our body and you can learn your clients how to develop thoughts that maintain their body's equilibrium with some techniques, for example; breathing exercises to regulate oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, walking and running exercises and meditation relaxation. So, CBC is a holistic approach to self development that it does not just address the mind but addresses the life, work and health of your client.

Referance:
http://media.wiley.com/product_data/excerpt/98/04707137/0470713798.pdf

Makaleyi özetleyen: Halime Taştan

Makale Özeti: BEHAVIOR PSYCHOTHERAPY: RATIONAL AND EMOTIVE

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) was found in January 1955 as heavily cognitive and philosophic. People disturb themselves with disordered thoughts, feelings and actions that interact with each other and with the difficulties. REBT designed a number of thinking, feeling and action techniques to help the clients change their self-defeating. According to REBT, all humans consciously and unconsciously train themselves with the help of a therapist if they work hard to change their thinking, feeling and behaving.
Ellis started to teach the clients that they have a choice experiencing healthy negative emotions about the trouble such as feelings of disappointment and frustration or they can choose to experience unhealthy negative reactions such as panic and depression. By using REBT, when the clients faced with difficulties with self-helping attitudes, they made themselves feel better and more productive.
Dysfunctional feelings and behaviors are like that I absolutely must well and be approved by others or I am an inadequate person, my life is horrible, I cannot stand it and world is a rotten place. To help clients to cope with these kind of disordered beliefs, REBT teach them some cognitive methods such as active disputing of clients’ irrational beliefs by both therapist and the client, cognitive homeworks to practice the disputing of dysfunctional beliefs, psycho-educational materials such as books and audiovisual cassettes, practice in resisting overgeneralized, black and white thinking. REBT uses many emotive-experiental techniques include that forceful disputing of clients’ irrational beliefs, experiencing close relationship with a therapist or therapy group, accepting the others with their mistakes and failings, role-playing difficult emotional situations and practicing how to cope with them. O Other important method of REBT is that activity-oriented behavioral method such as exposure or desensitization of dysfunctional phobias, taking risks of failing at important projects, skill training to overcome inadequacies in communication or public speaking. These are some of the cognitive, emotive and behavioral techniques that are used frequently in rational emotive behavior therapy.
When Ellis found it in 1955, REBT was unique but it was followed by similar forms of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). REBT and CBT were supported by numerous published studies that showed their effectiveness and will continue to do so in the future.


Referans:
Ellis, A. Behavior Psychotherapy: Rational and Motive. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 1072-1076.

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