This paper discusses the psychology of crisis in which Erik Erikson studied for most of his adult life, and he was mostly concern about identity crisis. Erikson introduced the eight psychosocial stages to the field of psychology. Erikson was a student of Freud but later deviated from the Freudians, this paper also talks about the difference between Erikson’s theory and Freud’s theory.
The word identity crises emerged during World War 2, Erikson observed that the people who experienced the war had lost a sense of personality and historical self, and he also concluded that the same might happen to the youth who are most of the time confused about themselves.
By crisis, Erikson did not mean being stressful and depressed all the time, but he meant it was a turning point in one’s life, when a problem had to be solved. This is not in a negative way, but rather in a positive way in psychology.
According to Erikson, he divided human development into eight life stages, but a failure in a particular stage doesn’t mean one wont progress to the next stage, but rather means the unsolved crisis will be transferred to the next stage. As a result life challenges become much harder, but still this crisis can be overcome with much effort into it. The eight psychosocial stages Erikson presented in psychology are as follows; 1. Basic trust vs. basic mistrust, 2. Autonomy vs. shame, 3. Initiative vs. guilt, 4. Industry vs. inferiority, 6. Intimacy vs. isolation, 7. Generativity vs. stagnation, 8. Integrity vs. despair. The stages point put out that people are involved in challenges and the overcome these challenges or crisis as they grow up, and these challenges occur as individuals interact with society.
References
Atalay, M.(2007). Psychology of crisis: an overall account of the psychology of erikson. Ekev akademik dergisi, 1, 11.
Makaleyi özetleyen: Thokozani K. M. Mbewe
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